22/01/2024 | kien.le
Câu bị động (Passive voice) là điểm ngữ pháp quen thuộc trong các kỳ thi tiếng Anh. Để nắm chắc cấu trúc này, hãy cùng ELSA Speak ôn luyện qua 100 bài tập câu bị động dưới đây nhé.
Lý thuyết câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
Câu bị động thường dùng để nhấn mạnh chủ thể – người hoặc vật đang chịu tác động từ 1 hành động.
Kiểm tra phát âm với bài tập sau:
Cấu trúc:
| S+ be + V3 + (by + n) |
Ví dụ:
- Câu chủ động: He bought a new car yesterday. (Anh ấy đã mua một chiếc xe mới hôm qua.)
- Câu bị động: A new car was bought by him yesterday. (Một chiếc xe mới đã được anh ấy mua vào hôm qua.)
Cấu trúc câu bị động của 12 thì trong tiếng Anh:
| Thì | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) | S + am/is/are + V3 | The floor is cleaned everyday. → Sàn nhà được lau dọn mỗi ngày. |
| Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) | S + were/was + V3 | My bike was fixed yesterday. → Xe đạp của tôi đã được sửa ngày hôm qua rồi. |
| Future Simple (Tương lai đơn) | S + will be + V3 | These goods will be sold in 2 months. → Những hàng hóa này sẽ được bán trong 2 tháng nữa. |
| Present continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) | S + am/is/are + being + V3 | The house is being painted now. → Ngôi nhà đang được sơn vào lúc này. |
| Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn) | S + were/was + being + V3 | The trees were being cut at 6 PM yesterday. → Những cái cây này đã bị chặt vào 6 giờ chiều hôm qua. |
| Future continuous (Tương lai tiếp diễn) | S + will be + being + V3 | The animals will be being fed by zookeepers at 7 AM tomorrow. → Các con vật sẽ được nhân viên sở thú cho ăn vào 7 giờ ngày mai. |
| Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành) | S + has/have + been + V3 | This road has not been used for 2 years. → Con đường này đã không được sử dụng 2 năm rồi. |
| Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) | S + had + been + V3 | The exercises had been done by them. → Bài tập đã được chúng tôi hoàn thành xong. |
| Future perfect (Tương lai hoàn thành) | S + will have + been + V3 | This essay will have been finished by 6 o’clock. → Bài luận này sẽ được hoàn thành trước 6 giờ. |
| Present perfect continuous (Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn) | S + have/has + been + V-ing | The robbers have been searching by the police day and night. → Những tên cướp đã bị cảnh sát truy lùng ráo riết ngày đêm. |
| Past perfect continuous (Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn) | S + had + been + V-ing | The door had been knocked since we came in. → Cánh cửa bị gõ liên tục kể từ khi chúng tôi vào nhà. |
| Future perfect continuous (Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn) | S + will have + been + V-ing | The piano will have been playing when she comes at 6 PM. → Piano sẽ được đánh khi cô ấy đến vào lúc 6 giờ chiều. |
Cách chuyển đổi câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Bước 1: Xác định các thành phần: S, V, O và thì của động từ trong câu
Bước 2: Chuyển O (câu chủ động) → S (câu bị động)
Bước 3: Chuyển S (câu chủ động) → by O (câu bị động).
Bước 4: V chính (câu chủ động) → be + V3 (câu bị động).
| Lưu ý | Ví dụ |
|---|---|
| S (câu chủ động) là: People, everyone, someone, anyone. → Có thể lược bỏ trong câu bị động. | Someone turned on the air conditioner. → The air conditioner was turned on. → Ai đó đã bật máy lạnh lên. |
| S (câu chủ động) chỉ người/vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động. → By O | The cake is being cut by him. → Chiếc bánh được cắt bởi anh ấy. |
| S (câu chủ động) chỉ người/vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động. → With O | The cake is being cut with a knife. → Chiếc bánh được cắt bằng con dao. |
>>Có thể bạn quan tâm:
Trọn bộ 100 câu bài tập bị động [có đáp án chi tiết]
Bài tập bị động với các thì cơ bản
1. A woman feeds the lions.
The lions ________________________
A. are fed
B. were fed by a woman.
2. A boy broke the window.
The window _____________________
A. was broken
B. is broken by a boy.
3. Somebody has made a mistake.
A mistake _______________________
A. was made
B. has been made.
4. Everybody is going to love him.
He _____________________________
A. is going to be loved
B. was going to be loved by everybody.
5. Cervantes wrote ‘Don Quixote’.
‘Don Quixote’ _______________________
A. was written by Cervantes.
B. has been written by Cervantes.
6. They are helping my brother.
My brother ________________
A. is being helped by them.
B. is being helped
7. Pamela will drive the taxi.
The taxi ____________________
A. will been driven
B. will be driven by Pamela.
8. I was watering these trees.
These trees ___________________
A. were being watered
B. are being watered by me.
9. I will pay the bill in 2 months.
The bill__________________
A. will pay in 2 months
B. will be paid in 2 months
10. Hoa is reading comics now.
Comics_________________ now.
A. is read
B. is being read
Đáp án
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| A | A | B | A | A | B | B | A | B | B |
>> Xem thêm:
Bài tập Passive voice dạng câu hỏi
1. Do they teach English here?
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Has Tom finished the work?
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Did the teacher give some exercises?
……………………………………………………………………………
5. Have you finished your homework?
……………………………………………………………………………
6. How many games has the team played?
……………………………………………………………………………
7. Where do people speak English?
……………………………………………………………………………
8. Who will look after the children for you?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. How long have they waited for the doctor?
……………………………………………………………………………
10. What time can the boys hand in their papers?
……………………………………………………………………………
11. Who lent you this book?
……………………………………………………………………………
12. How many marks does the teacher give you?
……………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. Is English taught here?
2. Will she be invited to your wedding party?
3. Has the work been finished by Tom?
4. Were some exercises given by the teacher?
5. Has your homework been finished?
6. How many games have been played by the team?
7. Where is English spoken?
8. By whom are the children looked after?
9. How long has the doctor been waiting for?
10. What time can the boy’s papers be handed in?
11. By whom is this book lent to you?
12. How many marks are you given by the teacher?
Bài tập có 2 tân ngữ
1. The waiter brought me this dish.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Our friends send these postcards to us.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. You didn’t show me the special cameras.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. He lends his friend his new shoes.
……………………………………………………………………………
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
……………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. This dish was brought to me (by the waiter).
2. These postcards are sent to us(by our friend).
3. This story was told to them(by their grandmother) when they visited her last week.
4. This train ticket was ordered for Tim’s mother.
5. The special cameras weren’t shown to me.
6. Her ticket was shown to the airline agent (by her).
7. His new shoes are lent to his friends (by him).
8. Five million pounds was left to her relatives (by her).
9. These boxes were handed to the customer (by the shop assistant).
10. The first prize was awarded to the reporter (by the board).
Bài tập chuyển câu bị động với động từ tường thuật
1. They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. They promise that the performance will start on time.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. He recommends that we should stay in the city center.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
……………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. I was told that you were the architect in this city.
2. It was reported that the flowers were killed by frost./The flowers were reported to be killed by frost.
3. I am informed that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
4. It was announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
5. It was discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6. It is promised that the performance will start on time.
7. It is recommended that we stay in the city center.
8. It was believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9. All the workers are notified that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10. I have been persuaded that they will go with me to the stadium.
Chuyển câu bị động với động từ sai bảo
1. I had my uncle paint my room last week.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She will have me wash the dishes tomorrow.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. They have her tell the story again.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. Anne had a friend type her composition.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. He got a mechanic to repair his car.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. The Greens had a carpet cleaner clean their carpet.
……………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. I had my room painted last week.
2. She will have the dishes washed tomorrow.
3. They have the story told again.
4. John gets his shirt cleaned.
5. Anne had her composition typed by a friend.
6. Rick will have his hair cut.
7. I will get a new dress made.
8. He got his car repaired.
9. We had this photograph taken when we were on holiday last summer.
10. The Greens had their carpet cleaned.
Bài tập bị động ôn thi THPTQG
| Câu hỏi | Đáp án |
|---|---|
| 1. “What a lovely dress you’re wearing!” “Thank you. It …………… especially for me by my mother.” | A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made |
| 2. I don’t understand why the students didn’t keep silent while the speech ………… | A. has been made B. was made C. would be made D. was being made |
| 3. This is the first time I have seen this car. Where ………………? | A. did it make B. did it made C. was it make D. was it made |
| 4. Today, many serious childhood diseases ……………….. by early immunization. | A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented |
| 5. Whole-grain food products …………….. in most large supermarkets across the United States and Canada. | A. now can purchase B. can now be purchased C. now to purchase D. the purchase of which |
| 6. All that rubbish will have to be …………. at once. | A. get rid of B. got rid of C. to get rid of D. getting rid of |
| 7. “What happened to the postman?” “He …………………. to a new town to work.” | A. has sent B. was send C. was sent D. sent |
| 8. Excuse me. Is this seat………………? | A. taking B. took C. occupy D. taken |
| 9. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think ………………. . | A. we are following B. we are being followed C. we are followed D. we are being following |
| 10. We’re late. The film ……………… by the time we get to the cinema. | A. will already start B. will be already started C. will already have started D. will be starting |
| 11. I still can’t believe it. My bicycle ……………… some minutes ago. | A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole |
| 12. Some funny ……………… in class yesterday. | A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened |
Đáp án:
| 1. D | 2. D | 3. D | 4. D |
| 5. B | 6. B | 7. C | 8. D |
| 9. B | 10. C | 11. A | 12. A |
Bài tập bị động dạng nâng cao
1. The boys pointed at the woman with a red hat.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. They have provided the poor with food and clothing.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. People speak English in almost every corner of the world.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. You mustn’t use that machine after 7:30 p.m.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. After class, they always erase the chalkboard.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The company paid me a lot of money to do the job.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The headmaster gave each of us two exercise books.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Someone will tell him that story.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. They have sent enough money to those poor families.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. They have given women in most countries the right to vote.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. The woman with a red hat was pointed at by the boys.
2. The poor have been provided with food and clothing.
3. English is spoken in almost every corner of the world.
4. That machine mustn’t be used after 7:30 p.m.
5. After class, the chalkboard is always erased.
6. I was paid a lot of money to do the job by the company.
7. Each of us was given two exercise books by the headmaster.
8. He will be told that story.
9. Those poor have been sent enough money.
10. Women in most countries have been given the right to vote.
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